The Power of SQL and JSON’s Flexibility

Get sub-millisecond response from Couchbase’s in-memory JSON database without sacrificing the best capabilities of relational.

Are your legacy databases holding up application development and slowing down performance?
With Couchbase you can:

Use SQL for familiar query access
Store data as JSON and avoid a restrictive relational data model
SQL and JSON allow you to build new features using our built-in multi-model services, including full-text search, analytics, eventing, and key-value

Check out the code

Java - Upsert
                                      import com.couchbase.client.core.error.subdoc.PathNotFoundException;
import com.couchbase.client.java.*;
import com.couchbase.client.java.kv.*;
import com.couchbase.client.java.kv.MutationResult;
import com.couchbase.client.java.json.JsonObject;
import com.couchbase.client.java.kv.LookupInResult;
import static com.couchbase.client.java.kv.LookupInSpec.get;
import static com.couchbase.client.java.kv.MutateInSpec.upsert;
import java.util.Collections;

class Program {
  public static void main(String[] args) {
    var cluster = Cluster.connect(
      "couchbase://127.0.0.1", "username", "password"
    );
    var bucket = cluster.bucket("travel-sample");
    var collection = bucket.defaultCollection();

    JsonObject content = JsonObject.create()
      .put("country", "Iceland")
      .put("callsign", "ICEAIR")
      .put("iata", "FI")
      .put("icao", "ICE")
      .put("id", 123)
      .put("name", "Icelandair")
      .put("type", "airline");

    collection.upsert("airline_123", content);

    try {
      LookupInResult lookupResult = collection.lookupIn(
        "airline_123", Collections.singletonList(get("name"))
      );

      var str = lookupResult.contentAs(0, String.class);
      System.out.println("New Document name = " + str);

    } catch (PathNotFoundException ex) {
      System.out.println("Document not found!");
    }

  }
}

NodeJS - Upsert
                                      const couchbase = require('couchbase')

const main = async () => {
  const cluster = await couchbase.connect('couchbase://127.0.0.1', {
    username: 'username', password: 'password'
  })

  const bucket = cluster.bucket('travel-sample')
  const collection = bucket.defaultCollection()

  const airline = {
    country: 'Iceland', callsign: 'ICEAIR',
    iata: 'FI', icao: 'ICE', id: 123,
    name: 'Icelandair', type: 'airline',
  }

  const upsertDocument = async (type, id, doc) => {
    try {
      const upsertResult = await collection.upsert(`${type}_${id}`, doc);
      console.log('Upsert Result: ')
      console.log(upsertResult)
    } catch (err) {
      console.error(err)
    }
  }

  const getSubDocument = async (key, field) => {
    try {
      var result = await collection.lookupIn(key, [
        couchbase.LookupInSpec.get(field),
      ])
      var fieldValue = result.content[0].value

      console.log('LookupIn Result: ')
      console.log(result)

      console.log('Field Value: ')
      console.log(fieldValue)
    } catch (error) {
      console.error(error)
    }
  }

  upsertDocument(airline.type, airline.id, airline)
    .then(
      getSubDocument('airline_123', 'name')
        .then(() => process.exit(0))
    )
}

main()

Python - Upsert
                                      #!/usr/bin/python3
import sys
import couchbase.collection
import couchbase.subdocument as SD
from couchbase.cluster import Cluster, ClusterOptions
from couchbase.auth import PasswordAuthenticator
from couchbase.durability import ServerDurability, Durability
from datetime import timedelta

pa = PasswordAuthenticator('username', 'password')
cluster = Cluster('couchbase://127.0.0.1', ClusterOptions(pa))
bucket = cluster.bucket('travel-sample')
collection = bucket.default_collection()

try:
  document = dict(
    country="Iceland", callsign="ICEAIR", iata="FI", icao="ICE",
    id=123, name="Icelandair", type="airline"
  )
  result = collection.upsert(
    'airline_123',
    document,
    expiry=timedelta(minutes=1)
  )
  print("UPSERT SUCCESS")
  print("cas result:", result.cas)
except:
  print("exception:", sys.exc_info())

try:
  result = collection.lookup_in('airline_123', [SD.get('name')])
  name = result.content_as[str](0) # "United Kingdom"
  print("name:", name)

except:
  print("exception:", sys.exc_info()[0])

.NET - Upsert
                                      using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Threading.Tasks;
using Couchbase;
using Couchbase.Core.Exceptions.KeyValue;
using Couchbase.KeyValue;

namespace CouchbaseDotNetExample
{
  class Program
  {
    static async Task Main(string[] args)
    {
      var cluster = await Cluster.ConnectAsync(
        "couchbase://127.0.0.1", "username", "password"
      );

      var bucket = await cluster.BucketAsync("travel-sample");
      var scope = await bucket.ScopeAsync("_default");
      var collection = await scope.CollectionAsync("_default");

      var content = new
        {
          Country = "Iceland",
          Callsign = "ICEAIR",
          Iata = "FI",
          Icao = "ICE",
          Id = 123,
          Name = "Icelandair",
          Type = "airline"
        };

      await collection.UpsertAsync("airline_123", content);

      try
      {
        var lookupResult = await collection.LookupInAsync("airline_123",
          new List<LookupInSpec>
            {
              LookupInSpec.Get("name")
            });

        var name = lookupResult.ContentAs<string>(0);
        Console.WriteLine($"New Document name = {name}");
      }
      catch (PathNotFoundException)
      {
        Console.WriteLine("Document not found!");
      }

      await cluster.DisposeAsync();
    }
  }
}

PHP - Upsert
                                      <?php
  $connectionString = "couchbase://127.0.0.1";
  $options = new \Couchbase\ClusterOptions();
  $options->credentials("username", "password");
  $cluster = new \Couchbase\Cluster($connectionString, $options);

  $bucket = $cluster->bucket("travel-sample");
  $collection = $bucket->defaultCollection();

  $content = ["country" => "Iceland",
              "callsign" => "ICEAIR",
              "iata" => "FI",
              "icao" => "ICE",
              "id" => 123,
              "name" => "Icelandair",
              "type" => "airline"];

  $collection->upsert("airline_123", $content);
  try {
    $result = $collection->lookupIn("airline_123", [new \Couchbase\LookupGetSpec("name")]);
    $name = $result->content(0);
    print("New Document name = $name");
  } catch (\Couchbase\PathNotFoundException $pnfe) {
    print("Sub-doc path not found!");
  } catch (\Couchbase\BaseException $ex) {
    print("Exception $ex\n");
  }
?>

Ruby - Upsert
                                      require "couchbase"
include Couchbase

options = Cluster::ClusterOptions.new
options.authenticate("username", "password")
cluster = Cluster.connect("couchbase://127.0.0.1", options)

bucket = cluster.bucket("travel-sample")
collection = bucket.default_collection

begin
  content = {"country" => "Iceland",
             "callsign" => "ICEAIR",
             "iata" => "FI",
             "icao" => "ICE",
             "id" => 123,
             "name" => "Icelandair",
             "type" => "airline"}
  collection.upsert("airline_123", content)
  result = collection.lookup_in("airline_123", [ LookupInSpec.get("name")])
  puts "New Document name: #{result.content(0)}"
rescue Couchbase::Error::PathNotFound => pnfe
  puts "Sub-doc path not found!"
rescue Couchbase::Error::DocumentNotFound => ex
  puts "Document not found!"
end

Scala - Upsert
                                      package com.couchbase

import com.couchbase.client.core.error.{CouchbaseException, DocumentNotFoundException}
import com.couchbase.client.core.error.subdoc.{PathExistsException,PathNotFoundException}
import com.couchbase.client.scala.Cluster
import com.couchbase.client.scala.json.{JsonObject, JsonObjectSafe}
import com.couchbase.client.scala.kv.LookupInSpec._
import com.couchbase.client.scala.kv.{LookupInResult, _}
import scala.util.{Failure, Success, Try}

object Program extends App {
  val cluster = Cluster.connect("127.0.0.1", "username", "password").get
  var bucket = cluster.bucket("travel-sample");
  val collection = bucket.defaultCollection

  val content = JsonObject("country" -> "Iceland",
                "callsign"-> "ICEAIR",
                "iata" -> "FI",
                "icao" -> "ICE",
                "id" -> 123,
                "name" -> "Icelandair",
                "type" -> "airline")

  collection.upsert("airline_123", content) match {
    case Success(result)    =>
    case Failure(exception) => println("Error: " + exception)
  }

  val result = collection.lookupIn("airline_123", Array(get("name")))
  result match {
    case Success(r) =>
      val str: Try[String] = r.contentAs[String](0)
      str match {
        case Success(s)   => println(s"New document name: ${s}")
        case Failure(err) => println(s"Error: ${err}")
      }
    case Failure(err: DocumentNotFoundException) => println("Document not found")
    case Failure(err: PathNotFoundException) => println("Sub-doc path not found!")
    case Failure(err: CouchbaseException) => println("Couchbase error: " + err)
    case Failure(err) => println("Error getting document: " + err)
  }
}

Golang - Upsert
                                      package main

import (
  "fmt"
  "log"
  "time"

  "github.com/couchbase/gocb/v2"
)

func main() {
  cluster, err := gocb.Connect("couchbase://127.0.0.1", gocb.ClusterOptions{
    Authenticator: gocb.PasswordAuthenticator{
      Username: "username",
      Password: "password",
    },
  })
  if err != nil {
    log.Fatal(err)
  }

  bucket := cluster.Bucket("travel-sample")
  err = bucket.WaitUntilReady(5*time.Second, nil)
  if err != nil {
    log.Fatal(err)
  }

  collection := bucket.DefaultCollection()

  type Doc struct {
    Id int `json:"id"`
    Type string `json:"type"`
    Name string `json:"name"`
    Iata string `json:"iata"`
    Icao string `json:"icao"`
    Callsign string `json:"callsign"`
    Country string `json:"country"`
  }

  document := Doc {
    Country: "Iceland",
    Callsign: "ICEAIR",
    Iata: "FI",
    Icao: "ICE",
    Id: 123,
    Name: "Icelandair",
    Type: "airline",
  }

  _, err = collection.Upsert("airline_123", &document, nil)
  if err != nil {
    log.Fatal(err)
  }

  options := []gocb.LookupInSpec{
    gocb.GetSpec("name", &gocb.GetSpecOptions{}),
  }
  results, err := collection.LookupIn("airline_123", options, &gocb.LookupInOptions{})
  if err != nil {
    log.Fatal(err)
  }

  var country string
  err = results.ContentAt(0, &country)
  if err != nil {
    log.Fatal(err)
  }

  fmt.Printf("New document name: %s\n", country)
}

C++ - Upsert
                                      #include <vector>
#include <string>
#include <iostream>

#include <libcouchbase/couchbase.h>

static void
check(lcb_STATUS err, const char* msg)
{
    if (err != LCB_SUCCESS) {
        std::cerr << "[ERROR] " << msg << ": " << lcb_strerror_short(err) << "\n";
        exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
    }
}

struct Result {
    std::string value{};
    lcb_STATUS status{ LCB_SUCCESS };
};

struct SubdocResults {
    lcb_STATUS status{ LCB_SUCCESS };
    std::vector<Result> entries{};
};

static void
sdget_callback(lcb_INSTANCE*, int, const lcb_RESPSUBDOC* resp)
{
    SubdocResults* results = nullptr;
    lcb_respsubdoc_cookie(resp, reinterpret_cast<void**>(&results));
    results->status = lcb_respsubdoc_status(resp);

    if (results->status != LCB_SUCCESS) {
        return;
    }

    std::size_t number_of_results = lcb_respsubdoc_result_size(resp);
    results->entries.resize(number_of_results);
    for (size_t idx = 0; idx < number_of_results; ++idx) {
        results->entries[idx].status = lcb_respsubdoc_result_status(resp, idx);
        const char* buf = nullptr;
        std::size_t buf_len = 0;
        lcb_respsubdoc_result_value(resp, idx, &buf, &buf_len);
        if (buf_len > 0) {
            results->entries[idx].value.assign(buf, buf_len);
        }
    }
}

int
main()
{
    std::string username{ "username" };
    std::string password{ "password" };
    std::string connection_string{ "couchbase://127.0.0.1" };
    std::string bucket_name{ "travel-sample" };

    lcb_CREATEOPTS* create_options = nullptr;
    check(lcb_createopts_create(&create_options, LCB_TYPE_BUCKET), "build options object for lcb_create");
    check(lcb_createopts_credentials(create_options, username.c_str(), username.size(), password.c_str(), password.size()),
        "assign credentials");
    check(lcb_createopts_connstr(create_options, connection_string.c_str(), connection_string.size()), "assign connection string");
    check(lcb_createopts_bucket(create_options, bucket_name.c_str(), bucket_name.size()), "assign bucket name");

    lcb_INSTANCE* instance = nullptr;
    check(lcb_create(&instance, create_options), "create lcb_INSTANCE");
    check(lcb_createopts_destroy(create_options), "destroy options object");
    check(lcb_connect(instance), "schedule connection");
    check(lcb_wait(instance, LCB_WAIT_DEFAULT), "wait for connection");
    check(lcb_get_bootstrap_status(instance), "check bootstrap status");

    std::string key{ "airline_123" };
    {
      std::string value{ R"({"country":"Iceland", "callsign":"ICEAIR", "iata":"FI", "icao":"ICE", "id":123, "name":"Icelandair", "type":"airline"})" };

      lcb_CMDSTORE* cmd = nullptr;
      check(lcb_cmdstore_create(&cmd, LCB_STORE_UPSERT), "create UPSERT command");
      check(lcb_cmdstore_key(cmd, key.c_str(), key.size()), "assign ID for UPSERT command");
      check(lcb_cmdstore_value(cmd, value.c_str(), value.size()), "assign value for UPSERT command");
      check(lcb_store(instance, nullptr, cmd), "schedule UPSERT command");
      check(lcb_cmdstore_destroy(cmd), "destroy UPSERT command");
      lcb_wait(instance, LCB_WAIT_DEFAULT);
    }

    lcb_install_callback(instance, LCB_CALLBACK_SDLOOKUP, reinterpret_cast<lcb_RESPCALLBACK>(sdget_callback));

    {
        SubdocResults results;

        lcb_SUBDOCSPECS* specs = nullptr;
        check(lcb_subdocspecs_create(&specs, 1), "create SUBDOC operations container");

        std::vector<std::string> paths{
            "name",
        };

        check(lcb_subdocspecs_get(specs, 0, 0, paths[0].c_str(), paths[0].size()), "create SUBDOC-GET operation");

        lcb_CMDSUBDOC* cmd = nullptr;
        check(lcb_cmdsubdoc_create(&cmd), "create SUBDOC command");
        check(lcb_cmdsubdoc_key(cmd, key.c_str(), key.size()), "assign ID to SUBDOC command");
        check(lcb_cmdsubdoc_specs(cmd, specs), "assign operations to SUBDOC command");
        check(lcb_subdoc(instance, &results, cmd), "schedule SUBDOC command");
        check(lcb_cmdsubdoc_destroy(cmd), "destroy SUBDOC command");
        check(lcb_subdocspecs_destroy(specs), "destroy SUBDOC operations");

        lcb_wait(instance, LCB_WAIT_DEFAULT);

        check(results.status, "status of SUBDOC operation");
        std::size_t idx = 0;
        for (const auto& entry : results.entries) {
            if (entry.status == LCB_SUCCESS) {
                std::cout << "New Document name: " << (entry.value.empty() ? "(no value)" : entry.value) << "\n";
            } else {
                std::cout << "code=" << lcb_strerror_short(entry.status) << "\n";
            }
            ++idx;
        }
    }

    lcb_destroy(instance);
    return 0;
}

It’s time to play!

Take our document database for a spin in the Developer Playground. Explore language-specific code samples and SDKs right in your browser. Learn the basics of a key-value store, our SQL++ query language, and ACID transactions.

Run Code Samples

Stay ahead of tomorrow’s database challenges

Challenge 1

Rigid data models slow down dev cycles

Legacy databases

Rigid data models make agile development difficult
Application objects are split into tables and need to be reassembled

Couchbase

JSON data supports agile development through flexible data models
Application objects can be directly serialized or deserialized

Challenge 2

Apps perform poorly

Legacy databases

Relational modeling often requires a high number of writes and reads
No built-in managed cache available

Couchbase

Caching delivers highly responsive user experiences and lower latency
Built-in managed cache provides sub-millisecond latency

Challenge 3

New functionality requires new tools

Legacy databases

Bolted on tools and time-consuming integrations are required to handle caching, analytics, eventing, and mobile syncing
Data access is limited to only SQL
More bolt-ons equal more work and more maintenance

Couchbase

Delivers the familiarity of SQL (with SQL++)
Provides multi-model capabilities (full-text search, query, key/value, analytics, and more, all on the same data set)
Automatically syncs your mobile and edge data in real time

Challenge 4

It’s hard to scale deployments with HA

Legacy databases

Optimized for single server deployments and expensive vertical scaling
Horizontal scaling is expensive and difficult
Upgrades and maintenance equal downtime equal 2 a.m. weekend office hours

Couchbase

Core distributed data architecture
Masterless, shared-nothing automatic horizontal scaling
No shard or partition keys to manage
Automatic replication
Automatic failover recovery and rebalancing
Maintenance and upgrades don't require downtime

Video resources

Overview

Deep Dive

See more resources

Products

Why Couchbase?

Vector Search

By Industry

By Use Case

Adaptive Applications

Get AI-ready with hyper-personalized apps!

Popular Docs

By Developer Role

Capella Playground

Start A Free Capella Trial

Resource Center

Education

Vector Search

What's Vector Search and why is it important?

About

Partnerships

Our Services

Partners: Register a Deal

Ready to register a deal with Couchbase?

Marriott

The Power of SQL and JSON’s Flexibility

Get sub-millisecond response from Couchbase’s in-memory JSON database without sacrificing the best capabilities of relational.

Check out the code

It’s time to play!

Stay ahead of tomorrow’s database challenges

Challenge 1

Legacy databases

Couchbase

Challenge 2

Legacy databases

Couchbase

Challenge 3

Legacy databases

Couchbase

Challenge 4

Legacy databases

Couchbase

Video resources

<img alt="" src="https://www.couchbase.com/wp-content/uploads/sites/3/2022/10/box-alt.svg"> Overview

<img alt="" src="https://www.couchbase.com/wp-content/uploads/sites/3/2022/09/Icon-feather-users.svg"> Deep Dive

Overview

Deep Dive