At present correlated SUB queries must required USE KEYS.
This may not efficient but you can use JOIN and generate array of results and then use ARRAY collection to match and update.
UPDATE bucket a
SET a.some_value = FIRST v.cnt FOR v IN
(SELECT COUNT(1) AS cnt, c.some_value
FROM bucket b JOIN bucket c
ON b.some_value > c.somevalue
WHERE .....
GROUP BY c.some_value)
WHEN a.some_value = v.some_value END;