The V1 release of the Operator was… somewhat non-intuitive 
env does exist, but as couchbaseEnv, for example:
servers:
- size: 1
name: all_services
services:
- data
- index
- query
pod:
couchbaseEnv:
- name: EXPLICIT_VAR
value: test
- name: IMPLICIT_VAR
valueFrom:
secretKeyRef:
name: cb-example-auth
key: username
And results in…
$ kubectl exec -ti cb-example-0000 -- env | grep EXPLI
EXPLICIT_VAR=test
$ kubectl exec -ti cb-example-0000 -- env | grep IMPL
IMPLICIT_VAR=Administrator
I’ve righted the wrongs of the past in V2, upgrade if you can, it’s a much nicer experience! That said if you can’t follow my guidance above and it will work.
For completeness, envFrom works like this:
envFrom:
- prefix: TEST_
secretRef:
name: cb-example-auth
And results in:
$ kubectl exec -ti cb-example-0000 -- env | grep TEST
TEST_password=password
TEST_username=Administrator