{"id":3440,"date":"2024-09-03T04:30:02","date_gmt":"2024-09-03T11:30:02","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.couchbase.com\/blog\/vector-search-at-the-edge-with-couchbase-mobile\/"},"modified":"2024-09-03T04:30:02","modified_gmt":"2024-09-03T11:30:02","slug":"vector-search-at-the-edge-with-couchbase-mobile","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.couchbase.com\/blog\/vector-search-at-the-edge-with-couchbase-mobile\/","title":{"rendered":"Vector Search at the Edge with Couchbase Mobile"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p><span>We\u2019re pleased to announce the <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.couchbase.com\/downloads\/?family=couchbase-lite\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><span>release of Couchbase Lite 3.2<\/span><\/a><span> with support for vector search. This launch follows the coattails of <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.couchbase.com\/blog\/announcing-vector-search\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><span>vector search support on Capella and Couchbase Server 7.6<\/span><\/a><span>.\u00a0 <\/span><span>Now, with vector search support in Couchbase Lite, we enable <b>cloud to edge support for vector search powering AI applications in the cloud and at the edge<\/b><\/span><b>.<\/b><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>In this blog post, I will discuss the key benefits of supporting vector search at the edge, including a brief look at use cases that fall within your Couchbase Lite applications.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span>What is Vector Search?<\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.couchbase.com\/blog\/vector-similarity-search\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><span>Vector search<\/span><\/a> <span>is a technique to retrieve semantically <\/span><span>similar items based on <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.couchbase.com\/blog\/what-are-vector-embeddings\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><span>vector embedding<\/span><\/a><span> representations of the items in a multi-dimensional space. Distance metrics are used to determine the similarity between items. Vector Search is an essential component of <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.couchbase.com\/blog\/what-is-generative-ai\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><span>Generative AI<\/span><\/a><span> and Predictive AI applications.\u00a0\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span>Couchbase Mobile Stack<\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p><span>If you are new to Couchbase, here is a quick primer on Couchbase Mobile.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.couchbase.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/couchbase-mobile-stack.png\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-large wp-image-15532\" src=\"https:\/\/www.couchbase.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/5\/2026\/05\/couchbase-mobile-stack-1024x454-1.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"900\" height=\"399\"><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><span>Couchbase Mobile is an <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.couchbase.com\/blog\/offline-first-more-reliable-mobile-apps\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><span>offline-first<\/span><\/a><span>, cloud-to-edge database platform. It is comprised of the following:\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><b>Cloud Database<\/b><span>: Available as a fully managed and hosted Database-as-a-Service with <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.couchbase.com\/products\/capella\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><span>Couchbase Capella<\/span><\/a><span>, <\/span><span>or deploy and host<\/span> <a href=\"https:\/\/www.couchbase.com\/products\/server\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><span>Couchbase Server<\/span><\/a><span> on your own.<\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><b>Embedded Database:<\/b> <a href=\"https:\/\/www.couchbase.com\/products\/lite\/\"><span>Couchbase Lite<\/span><\/a> <span>\u00a0is a full featured, NoSQL embedded database for mobile, desktop and IoT applications.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><b>Data Sync:<\/b><span> A secure gateway for data sync over the web, as well as peer-to-peer sync between devices. Offered as fully hosted and managed sync with<\/span> <a href=\"https:\/\/www.couchbase.com\/products\/capella\/app-services\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><span>Capella App Services<\/span><\/a><span>, <\/span><span>or install and manage<\/span> <a href=\"https:\/\/www.couchbase.com\/products\/sync-gateway\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><span>Couchbase Sync Gateway<\/span><\/a> <span>yourself.<\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><span>Check out our <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/docs.couchbase.com\/home\/mobile.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><span>documentation<\/span><\/a><span> for more information.<\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span>Vector Search Use Cases &amp; Benefits<\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p><span>While the benefits of <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.couchbase.com\/blog\/vector-databases\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><span>vector search<\/span><\/a><span> are fairly well understood, why would you want vector search at the edge?\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span>Semantic Search in Offline-First Mode<\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p><span>Applications where simple text-based searches are insufficient can now support semantic searches on local data to retrieve contextually relevant data even when the device is in offline mode. This ensures that the search results are always available.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Example<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p><span>Consider a classic field application\u00a0 Utility workers out at repair sites and disaster areas operate in areas with poor or no Internet connectivity:<\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><span>The words, <em>line, cable, wire <\/em>are synonymous for a utility company. When utility workers in the field search for the phrase,\u00a0 <em>line<\/em>,\u00a0 documents with <em>cable<\/em>, <em>wire<\/em>\u00a0have to be returned as well.\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n\n\n<li><span>Using full-text search (FTS), the application will have to maintain a synonym list which is hard to create, manage and maintain.\u00a0\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n\n\n<li><span>Relevance is also important. So a query for: <em>safety procedures for downed power lines &#8211;<\/em>\u00a0should focus on manuals that relate to downed power lines, electricity cable, high voltage line etc.<\/span><\/li>\n\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.couchbase.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/couchbase-mobile-vectorsearch-offline-first.png\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-large wp-image-15533\" src=\"https:\/\/www.couchbase.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/5\/2026\/05\/couchbase-mobile-vectorsearch-offline-first-1024x859-1.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"900\" height=\"755\"><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span>Alleviating Data Privacy Concerns<\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p><span>One of the primary use cases of a vector search database is the ability to fetch contextually relevant data. The search results are then included as context data to queries sent to a large language model (LLM) for customizing query responses \u2014 this is the cornerstone of <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.couchbase.com\/blog\/an-overview-of-retrieval-augmented-generation\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><span>Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG<\/span><\/a><span>). Running searches against data that is private or sensitive in nature can raise privacy concerns. When performing searches on a local device, we can restrict searches to only users who are authenticated and authorized to access the private data on the device. Any personally identifiable information (PII) from the results of the vector search can be redacted and then leveraged within the RAG query to an LLM.<\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><span>Furthermore, if a custom LLM is deployed at the edge location, e.g., a hospital, retail store, any concerns of sending the contextually relevant search results over the Internet to a remote cloud service is further alleviated.<\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Example<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p><span>Consider the following example of a health care application:<\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><span>A doctor at a hospital is looking for treatment options for a patient recovering from surgery.<\/span><\/li>\n\n\n<li><span>Relevant patient context is retrieved from medical history and preferences. Access to this data is authenticated and authorized.<\/span><\/li>\n\n\n<li><span>The patient context is sent along with the query to an Edge LLM model hosted in the hospital that can then generate a customized recovery plan.<\/span><\/li>\n\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.couchbase.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/5\/2026\/05\/couchbase-mobile-vectorsearch-privacy.updated.png\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-15534\" src=\"https:\/\/www.couchbase.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/5\/2026\/05\/couchbase-mobile-vectorsearch-privacy.updated.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"731\" height=\"701\"><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span>Reduced Cost-per-Query<\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p><span>When you have 100s of 1000s of connected clients querying against a cloud based LLM, the load on cloud model and operational costs of running the cloud based model can be considerably high. By running queries locally on the device, we can save on data transfer costs and cloud egress charges and also decentralize the operational costs.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Example<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p><span>Consider the following example of a digital customer service assistant application:<\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><span>A retail store syncs with a product catalog, store-specific pricings and promotions data to customer service kiosks at the store (edge device).\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n\n\n<li><span>A user at the kiosk searches for a hat that matches the jacket she is wearing, captured via a camera. She is also interested in hats that are on sale.\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n\n\n<li><span>Instead of the kiosks sending in search queries to a remote server, similarity searches are performed locally, at the kiosk, on the catalog to find <em>similar items<\/em> that are on sale.<\/span><\/li>\n\n\n<li><span>As a bonus, the captured image can be discarded immediately from the kiosk, alleviating privacy concerns.<\/span><\/li>\n\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.couchbase.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/5\/2026\/05\/couchbase-mobile-vectorsearch-cost-per-query-updated.png\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-15535\" src=\"https:\/\/www.couchbase.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/5\/2026\/05\/couchbase-mobile-vectorsearch-cost-per-query-updated.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"832\"><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span>Low Latency Searches<\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p><span>Searches run locally against a local dataset using a local embedded model eliminate the network variability and will be consistently fast. Even in the case where the model is not embedded within the local device, but is deployed at the edge location, the round trip time (RTT) associated with queries can be significantly reduced compared to searches made over the Internet.<\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.couchbase.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/5\/2026\/05\/couchbase-mobile-vectorsearch-fast-lookup.drawio.png\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-15536\" src=\"https:\/\/www.couchbase.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/5\/2026\/05\/couchbase-mobile-vectorsearch-fast-lookup.drawio.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"563\" height=\"443\"><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Example<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p><span>Revising the retail store application:<\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><span>The product catalog, store-specific pricings and promotions documents that are synced to the customer service kiosks include vector embeddings. The vector embeddings are generated by LLM embedding models in the cloud.<\/span><\/li>\n\n\n<li><span>The documents that are synced down are then indexed locally at the kiosk.<\/span><\/li>\n\n\n<li><span>A customer at the store kiosk looking for a specific item does a regular search for <em>Adidas women&#8217;s tennis shoes size 9<\/em> and can also run a <em>find related items<\/em> function by doing a similarly search between the product that was retrieved using a regular search and comparing it with the remaining product documents. The search is done locally and is fast.<\/span><\/li>\n\n\n<li><span>In this case, while the vector embeddings are generated at the cloud, the similarity search is done locally. In fact, in this particular application, there is no need for even an embedding model in the kiosk application.<\/span><\/li>\n\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span>Unified Cloud-to-Edge Support for Vector Similarity Search<\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p><span>While there are queries that are best suited for the cloud, for reasons explained earlier in the post, there are cases where the queries are better suited for the edge. Having the flexibility to run queries at the cloud or at the edge or both will allow developers to build applications that leverage the best of both worlds.<\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone wp-image-16249 size-full\" src=\"https:\/\/www.couchbase.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/5\/2026\/05\/newimage_priya_blog.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"692\" height=\"878\"><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><b>Example<\/b><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><span>Consider a mobile banking app where user-specific transaction history for past 6 months are synced down and locally stored on device<\/span><\/li>\n\n\n<li><span>A user is looking for transactions related to purchase they made a few months ago. The search is done locally so its fast and is also available offline<\/span><\/li>\n\n\n<li><span>Transactions related to all users are stored in the cloud servers where semantic search is used by their fraud detection application to detect patterns of fraudulent activities<\/span><\/li>\n\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span>Show me the code!<\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p><span>Now that you are excited about the benefits of vector search within your edge application, lets see what it takes to implement the same. It\u2019s quite simple and just takes a few lines of code to bring the power of semantic search within your edge application. The example below is in swift but check out the resource section below for code snippets in language of your choice.<\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span>Creating a Vector Index\u00a0<\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p><span>In this example, we create a vector index with the default values. Applications have the option to further customize the vector index configuration with a different distance metric, the index encoding type and centroid training parameters:<\/span><\/p>\n\n\n<p>[crayon nums=&#8221;false&#8221; lang=&#8221;default&#8221; decode=&#8221;true&#8221;]\/\/ create vector index configuration. In example, the \u201cdescription\u201d document property is indexed (can be any SQL++ expression)<br \/>\nvar config =   VectorIndexConfiguration(expression: &#8220;description&#8221;, dimensions: 158, centroids: 20)<\/p>\n<p>\/\/ create vector index with specified configuration<br \/>\ntry collection.createIndex(withName: &#8220;myIndex&#8221;, config: config)[\/crayon]<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span>Doing a Similarity Search<\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p><span>In this example, I am running a SQL++ query to retrieve the top 10 similar documents with their description matching the target embedding of the <em>searchPhrase:<\/em><\/span><\/p>\n\n\n<p>[crayon nums=&#8221;false&#8221; lang=&#8221;default&#8221; decode=&#8221;true&#8221;]\/\/ Retrieve vector embedding for searchPhrase from embedding model<br \/>\nguard let searchEmbedding = modelRef.getEmbedding(for: searchPhrase) else { throws Errors.notFound }<\/p>\n<p>\/\/ Construct SQL++ query to return top 10 documents from database with content similar the search phrase<br \/>\nlet sql = &#8220;SELECT meta().id, description<br \/>\nFROM _<br \/>\nORDER BY APPROX_VECTOR_DISTANCE(vector, $searchParam)  LIMIT 10&#8243;<\/p>\n<p>\/\/ create query<br \/>\nlet query = try db.createQuery(sql)<\/p>\n<p>\/\/ set the embedding vector associated with the search param<br \/>\nlet params = Parameters()<br \/>\nparams.setValue(searchEmbedding, forName: &#8220;searchParam&#8221;)<br \/>\nquery.parameters = params<br \/>\n\/\/ Execute vector search query<br \/>\ntry query.execute()<br \/>\n[\/crayon]<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span>Resources<\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p><span>Here are direct links to a few helpful resources.<\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><span>Step-by-Step Installation Guides<\/span>\n<ul>\n<li><span>iOS <\/span><span>(<\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/docs.couchbase.com\/couchbase-lite\/3.2\/swift\/gs-install.html#install-vector-search-extension\"><span>Swift<\/span><\/a><span>, <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/docs.couchbase.com\/couchbase-lite\/3.2\/objc\/gs-install.html#install-vector-search-extension\"><span>Obj-C<\/span><\/a><span>)<\/span><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/docs.couchbase.com\/couchbase-lite\/current\/android\/gs-install.html#kotlin-step-by-step-install\"><span>Android<\/span><\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/docs.couchbase.com\/couchbase-lite\/3.2\/java\/gs-install.html#standalone-apps\"><span>Java desktop<\/span><\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/docs.couchbase.com\/couchbase-lite\/current\/csharp\/gs-install.html#installing-vector-search\"><span>.Net<\/span><\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/docs.couchbase.com\/couchbase-lite\/current\/c\/gs-install.html\"><span>C<\/span><\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n\n\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.couchbase.com\/downloads\/?family=couchbase-lite\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><span>Couchbase Lite 3.2 Download<\/span><\/a><\/li>\n\n\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.couchbase.com\/downloads\/?family=couchbase-lite\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><span>Couchbase Lite Vector Extensions Library Downloads<\/span><\/a><span>\u00a0<\/span>\n<ul>\n<li><span>Vector search support requires a separate extensions library that needs to be linked to your application in addition to the primary Couchbase Lite SDK.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n\n\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/youtu.be\/yGiTZXI2hLk?feature=shared\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><span>Couchbase Lite Vector Search Explainer video<\/span><\/a><\/li>\n\n\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/github.com\/couchbaselabs\/couchbase-lite-vector-search-samples\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><span>Sample app<\/span><\/a> for Couchbase Lite vector search<\/li>\n\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p><span>Stay tuned for an upcoming blog post on reference architectures to support vector search<\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>We\u2019re pleased to announce the release of Couchbase Lite 3.2 with support for vector search. This launch follows the coattails of vector search support on Capella and Couchbase Server 7.6.\u00a0 Now, with vector search support in Couchbase Lite, we enable cloud to edge support for vector search powering AI applications in the cloud and at [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1423,"featured_media":3439,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"inline_featured_image":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[159,598,131,9,448,727,104,715],"tags":[786,797],"ppma_author":[252],"class_list":["post-3440","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-android","category-artificial-intelligence-ai","category-couchbase-lite","category-couchbase-mobile","category-edge-computing","category-generative-ai-genai","category-sync-gateway","category-vector-search","tag-2024-themes","tag-rag-retrieval-augmented-generation"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO Premium plugin v27.6 (Yoast SEO v27.6) - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-premium-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Vector Search Use Cases &amp; Edge Capabilities in Couchbase<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Couchbase Lite isthe first database platform with cloud-to-edge support for vector search powering AI apps in the cloud and at the edge. Learn more here.\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.couchbase.com\/blog\/vector-search-at-the-edge-with-couchbase-mobile\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Vector Search at the Edge with Couchbase Mobile\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Couchbase Lite isthe first database platform with cloud-to-edge support for vector search powering AI apps in the cloud and at the edge. 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