{"id":2507,"date":"2017-02-08T12:50:16","date_gmt":"2017-02-08T12:50:16","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.couchbase.com\/blog\/?p=2507"},"modified":"2025-10-09T07:10:44","modified_gmt":"2025-10-09T14:10:44","slug":"developer-release-curl-n1ql","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.couchbase.com\/blog\/developer-release-curl-n1ql\/","title":{"rendered":"Couchbase Developer Release – Put some cURL in your N1QL"},"content":{"rendered":"

What is cURL?<\/span><\/h2>\n

Ever heard of cURL? It\u2019s a famous command line tool for sending\/receiving data using URL syntax, says wikipedia <\/span>here<\/span><\/a>. Let\u2019s start with an example related to Couchbase. The N1QL query service is available through a REST API. If you want to execute a N1QL query with cURL, and supposing your query service is enabled on localhost, it will look like this:<\/span><\/p>\n

curl https:\/\/localhost:8093\/query\/service -d ‘statement=SELECT * FROM default LIMIT 1’<\/span><\/p>\n

or if you want to run a fulltext query you would do something like<\/span><\/p>\n

curl -XPOST -H “Content-Type: application\/json” https:\/\/localhost:8094\/api\/index\/beer\/query -d ‘{“explain”: true,”fields”: [“*”],”highlight”: {},”query”: {“query”: “pale ale”}}’<\/span><\/p>\n

Right now there is nothing specific about N1QL<\/a>, it\u2019s just an exemple of REST API call with cURL. So why this title? Well that\u2019s because you can call cURL from a N1QL query.<\/span><\/p>\n

cURL() in N1QL<\/span><\/h2>\n

curl() is a new N1QL function that allow you to access external JSON data over a remote(usually HTTP(s)) endpoint. Similar to other N1QL functions, this function can be used in various N1QL expressions and various clauses of the SELECT\/DML queries (projection, where, from etc). When used in from clause the curl() invocation should result in a set\/collection of JSON documents.<\/span><\/p>\n

It has already been covered quite extensively on <\/span>DZone<\/span><\/a>, I strongly invite you to read it, as well as many other DZone <\/span>posts<\/span><\/a> about N1QL and written by the N1QL team.<\/span><\/p>\n

We can start as anyone will do when trying a new language with a very simple SELECT:<\/span><\/p>\n

SELECT CURL(“GET”,”https:\/\/maps.googleapis.com\/maps\/api\/geocode\/json”, {“data”:”address=santa+cruz&components=country:ES&key=YOUR_API_KEY”});<\/span><\/p>\n

This will get you the following JSON result:<\/span><\/p>\n

\r\n[\r\n  {\r\n    \"results\": [\r\n      {\r\n        \"address_components\": [\r\n          {\r\n            \"long_name\": \"Santa Cruz de Tenerife\",\r\n            \"short_name\": \"Santa Cruz de Tenerife\",\r\n            \"types\": [\r\n              \"locality\",\r\n              \"political\"\r\n            ]\r\n          },\r\n          {\r\n            \"long_name\": \"Santa Cruz de Tenerife\",\r\n            \"short_name\": \"TF\",\r\n            \"types\": [\r\n              \"administrative_area_level_2\",\r\n              \"political\"\r\n            ]\r\n          },\r\n          {\r\n            \"long_name\": \"Canary Islands\",\r\n            \"short_name\": \"CN\",\r\n            \"types\": [\r\n              \"administrative_area_level_1\",\r\n              \"political\"\r\n            ]\r\n          },\r\n          {\r\n            \"long_name\": \"Spain\",\r\n            \"short_name\": \"ES\",\r\n            \"types\": [\r\n              \"country\",\r\n              \"political\"\r\n            ]\r\n          }\r\n        ],\r\n        \"formatted_address\": \"Santa Cruz de Tenerife, Spain\",\r\n        \"geometry\": {\r\n          \"bounds\": {\r\n            \"northeast\": {\r\n              \"lat\": 28.487616,\r\n              \"lng\": -16.2356646\r\n            },\r\n            \"southwest\": {\r\n              \"lat\": 28.4280248,\r\n              \"lng\": -16.3370045\r\n            }\r\n          },\r\n          \"location\": {\r\n            \"lat\": 28.4636296,\r\n            \"lng\": -16.2518467\r\n          },\r\n          \"location_type\": \"APPROXIMATE\",\r\n          \"viewport\": {\r\n            \"northeast\": {\r\n              \"lat\": 28.487616,\r\n              \"lng\": -16.2356646\r\n            },\r\n            \"southwest\": {\r\n              \"lat\": 28.4280248,\r\n              \"lng\": -16.3370045\r\n            }\r\n          }\r\n        },\r\n        \"place_id\": \"ChIJcUElzOzMQQwRLuV30nMUEUM\",\r\n        \"types\": [\r\n          \"locality\",\r\n          \"political\"\r\n        ]\r\n      }\r\n    ]\r\n  }\r\n]\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
There is a lot of information here and maybe you are only interested in getting the coordinates of the identified address. It\u2019s easy to do. You just treat the result of the cURL function like any other JSON object:<\/span><\/p>\n
SELECT CURL(“GET”,”https:\/\/maps.googleapis.com\/maps\/api\/geocode\/json”, {“data”:”address=santa+cruz&components=country:ES&key=YOUR_API_KEY”}).results[0].geometry ;<\/span><\/p>\n
And this will return just what you wanted:<\/span><\/p>\n
\r\n[\r\n  {\r\n    \"geometry\": {\r\n      \"bounds\": {\r\n        \"northeast\": {\r\n          \"lat\": 28.487616,\r\n          \"lng\": -16.2356646\r\n        },\r\n        \"southwest\": {\r\n          \"lat\": 28.4280248,\r\n          \"lng\": -16.3370045\r\n        }\r\n      },\r\n      \"location\": {\r\n        \"lat\": 28.4636296,\r\n        \"lng\": -16.2518467\r\n      },\r\n      \"location_type\": \"APPROXIMATE\",\r\n      \"viewport\": {\r\n        \"northeast\": {\r\n          \"lat\": 28.487616,\r\n          \"lng\": -16.2356646\r\n        },\r\n        \"southwest\": {\r\n          \"lat\": 28.4280248,\r\n          \"lng\": -16.3370045\r\n        }\r\n      }\r\n    }\r\n  }\r\n]\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
While this is quite nice, there is currently no link with your data. Let\u2019s pretend you have a document with an address but no geo coordinates. You can now add those coordinates with the following N1QL query:<\/span><\/p>\n
UPDATE<\/span>travel-sample<\/span>USE KEYS “myDocumentWithoutCoordinates” SET geo = CURL(“GET”,”https:\/\/maps.googleapis.com\/maps\/api\/geocode\/json”, {“data”:”address=santa+cruz&components=country:ES&key=YOUR_API_KEY”}).results[0].geometry returning *<\/span><\/p>\n
And now you just modified an existing document based on an external service with a N1QL query :)<\/span><\/p>\n
Here\u2019s another example. Same FTS query than before but as the FROM clause of a N1QL query:<\/span><\/p>\n
SELECT result.total_hits, array_length(result.hits) FROM curl(“POST”,”https:\/\/localhost:8094\/api\/index\/beer\/query”,{ “header”:”Content-Type: application\/json”, “data”:{“explain”:true,”fields”: [“*”],”highlight”: {},”query”: {“query”: “pale ale”}} }) result;<\/span><\/p>\n
And this will give you:<\/span><\/p>\n
[ { “$1”: 10, “total_hits”: 3815 } ]<\/span><\/p>\n
Now you know that you can run a Fulltext search (or any call to any URL that returns JSON) and use all the goodness that is N1QL to get a nice projection on that JSON data. In a way this allow us to integrate FTS with N1QL. Since you can use cURL in a FROM clause than you can for instance JOIN the result to a bucket.<\/span><\/p>\n
Here\u2019s another example in that spirit, using our traditional beer-sample containing beers and brewery document. First we transform the previous query to get the list of IDs for the documents containing \u201cpale ale\u201d:<\/span><\/p>\n
\r\nSELECT hit.id FROM \r\n  curl(\"POST\",\"https:\/\/localhost:8094\/api\/index\/beer\/query\",\r\n    {\"header\":\"Content-Type: application\/json\",\r\n    \"data\":{\"explain\":true,\"fields\": [\"*\"],\"highlight\": {},\"query\": {\"query\": \"pale ale\"}}\r\n    }) result \r\n  UNNEST result.hits AS hit\r\n\r\n[\r\n  {\r\n    \"id\": \"stone_brewing_co-stone_pale_ale\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    \"id\": \"sierra_nevada_brewing_co-sierra_nevada_pale_ale\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    \"id\": \"yards_brewing-yards_philadelphia_pale_ale\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    \"id\": \"cooper_s_cave_ale_company-cooper_s_cave_pale_ale\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    \"id\": \"tommyknocker_brewery_and_pub-pick_axe_pale_ale\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    \"id\": \"bell_s_brewery_inc-pale_ale\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    \"id\": \"flying_dog_brewery-classic_pale_ale\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    \"id\": \"appalachian_brewing_company-hoppy_trails_india_pale_ale\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    \"id\": \"mogollon_brewing_company-superstition_pale_ale\"\r\n  },\r\n  {\r\n    \"id\": \"the_church_brew_works-pipe_organ_pale_ale\"\r\n  }\r\n]\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
To learn more about this FTS query and what you can generally do with FTS REST API, please refer to the <\/span>current documentation<\/span><\/a>.<\/span><\/p>\n
Now we have a list of document IDs from FTS we can join on easily:<\/span><\/p>\n
SELECT beers.* FROM curl(“POST”,”https:\/\/localhost:8094\/api\/index\/beer\/query”, {“header”:”Content-Type: application\/json”, “data”:{“explain”:true,”fields”: [“*”],”highlight”: {},”query”: {“query”: “pale ale”}} }) result UNNEST result.hits AS hit JOIN beer-sample beers ON KEYS hit.id<\/span><\/p>\n
How cool is that? But then you don\u2019t have to limit yourself to query Couchbase, you can use external sources. Here\u2019s another example. You will find lots of interesting JSON datasets on <\/span>catalog.data.gouv<\/span><\/a>. You can for instance look at the <\/span>Most Popular Baby Names by Sex and Mother\u2019s Ethnic Group in New York City<\/span><\/a>. It\u2019s a big JSON file, lots of rows, 13962 rows as you can learn running:<\/span><\/p>\n
SELECT count(row) FROM CURL(“GET”,”https:\/\/data.cityofnewyork.us\/api\/views\/25th-nujf\/rows.json?accessType=DOWNLOAD”) result UNNEST result.data AS row<\/span><\/p>\n
And if you want a top 10 of the given name, you can run the following query:<\/span><\/p>\n
SELECT row FROM CURL(“GET”,”https:\/\/data.cityofnewyork.us\/api\/views\/25th-nujf\/rows.json?accessType=DOWNLOAD”) result UNNEST result.data AS row ORDER BY TONUMBER(row[13]) ASC, TONUMBER(row[12]) DESC LIMIT 10<\/span><\/p>\n
It seems that Jayden and Isabella are very popular name in New York these days :)<\/span><\/p>\n
From those examples you can see that the query Language N1QL is an innovative way to figure out what\u2019s inside a big JSON file. You can basically map a JSON endpoint to a Database :) And of course there are other possibilities we have not touched yet like using JOINs across a Couchbase bucket and a JSON endpoint.<\/span><\/p>\n
Documentation<\/span><\/h2>\n
Now we don\u2019t support every cURL features. It should however cover the basics and be usable right now. Here\u2019s the list of options we support so far. The curl function takes up to three parameters:<\/span><\/p>\n
1 – The first parameter is the HTTP verb used. So far we support \u201cGET\u201d and \u201cPOST\u201d.<\/span><\/p>\n
2 – The second parameter is the endpoint URL<\/span><\/p>\n
3 – The third parameter represents different cURL options.<\/span><\/p>\n
Security Options<\/span><\/h3>\n
\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
\n
Option<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n
\n
Description<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n
\n
value<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\n
user<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n
\n
Server user and password<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n
\n
USERNAME[:PASSWORD]<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\n
basic<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n
\n
Use HTTP Basic Authentication<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n
\n
—<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\n
insecure \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n
\n
Allow connections to SSL sites without certs (H)<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n
\n
—<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\n
anyauth<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n
\n
curl to figure out authentication method by itself, and use the most secure one (In our case this will be basic only for now. Eventually we will support digest)<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n
\n
—<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n
Other Transfer-Related Options<\/span><\/h3>\n
\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
\n
Option<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n
\n
Description<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n
\n
value<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\n
connect-timeout<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n
\n
Maximum time allowed for connection<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n
\n
SECONDS<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\n
max-time<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n
\n
Maximum time allowed for the transfer<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n
\n
SECONDS<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\n
data \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n
\n
HTTP POST data (H)<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n
\n
DATA<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\n
header \u00a0\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n
\n
Pass custom header LINE to server (H)<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n
\n
LINE<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\n
show-error<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n
\n
Show error. With -s, make CURL() show errors when they occur<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n
<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\n
silent<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n
\n
Silent mode (don’t output anything)<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n
\n
—<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\n
max-redirs \u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n
\n
Maximum number of redirects allowed (H)<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n
\n
NUM<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\n
keepalive-time<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n
\n
Wait SECONDS between keepalive probes<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n
\n
SECONDS<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n
 <\/p>\n
We would love to hear what you think about this feature. How would you use this? Is there anything missing? We are waiting for your comments below.<\/span><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
What is cURL? Ever heard of cURL? It\u2019s a famous command line tool for sending\/receiving data using URL syntax, says wikipedia here. Let\u2019s start with an example related to Couchbase. The N1QL query service is available through a REST API. […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":49,"featured_media":2549,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"inline_featured_image":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[2165,1812],"tags":[],"ppma_author":[9023],"class_list":["post-2507","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-full-text-search","category-n1ql-query"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"\nCouchbase Developer Release - Put some cURL in your N1QL - The Couchbase Blog<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.couchbase.com\/blog\/developer-release-curl-n1ql\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Couchbase Developer Release - Put some cURL in your N1QL\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"What is cURL? 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