{"id":11571,"date":"2021-07-21T03:05:57","date_gmt":"2021-07-21T10:05:57","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.couchbase.com\/blog\/?p=11571"},"modified":"2026-03-11T14:22:29","modified_gmt":"2026-03-11T21:22:29","slug":"microservices-architecture-in-couchbase","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.couchbase.com\/blog\/pt\/microservices-architecture-in-couchbase\/","title":{"rendered":"4 padr\u00f5es para arquitetura de microsservi\u00e7os no Couchbase"},"content":{"rendered":"

Surgiram os microsservi\u00e7os<\/strong> como um padr\u00e3o de arquitetura comum na \u00faltima d\u00e9cada.<\/p>\n

Nessa abordagem, servi\u00e7os pequenos, aut\u00f4nomos e pouco acoplados trabalham juntos em uma rede distribu\u00edda. Em geral, cada microsservi\u00e7o \u00e9 delimitado a uma fun\u00e7\u00e3o espec\u00edfica e a um limite comercial, \u00e9 executado em seu pr\u00f3prio processo e pode ser gerenciado e implantado independentemente dos outros servi\u00e7os.<\/p>\n

Essa arquitetura resulta em maior flexibilidade em compara\u00e7\u00e3o com um aplicativo monol\u00edtico tradicional, mas, ao mesmo tempo, exige que cada microsservi\u00e7o individual ofere\u00e7a resili\u00eancia, escalabilidade e persist\u00eancia quando necess\u00e1rio.<\/p>\n

Neste artigo, gostaria de me concentrar nos aspectos de gerenciamento de dados de uma arquitetura de microsservi\u00e7o e em como Couchbase<\/a> oferece baixa lat\u00eancia, resili\u00eancia e escalabilidade para sua camada de dados.<\/p>\n

Simplicidade com cache integrado e escalabilidade el\u00e1stica<\/h2>\n

Os microsservi\u00e7os est\u00e3o vinculados a um dom\u00ednio comercial expl\u00edcito.<\/p>\n

Por exemplo, seu dom\u00ednio pode ser o produto, a campanha, o checkout ou os servi\u00e7os de perfil de usu\u00e1rio de um aplicativo de com\u00e9rcio eletr\u00f4nico. Os diferentes microsservi\u00e7os formam o aplicativo de forma colaborativa, mas s\u00e3o totalmente independentes ao mesmo tempo. Muitas vezes, equipes diferentes desenvolvem cada servi\u00e7o de forma independente e com seu pr\u00f3prio ciclo de lan\u00e7amento e pipeline de CI\/CD. O resultado \u00e9 um desenvolvimento mais \u00e1gil e r\u00e1pido.<\/p>\n

<\/div>\n

\"A<\/a><\/p>\n

<\/div>\n

No cen\u00e1rio ilustrado acima, cada microsservi\u00e7o possui seus dados de dom\u00ednio e disponibiliza esses dados para os outros servi\u00e7os por meio de APIs. Durante uma transa\u00e7\u00e3o de checkout, o servi\u00e7o Checkout pode resolver os dados correspondentes do cliente a partir do servi\u00e7o User-Profile. Esse padr\u00e3o de arquitetura de microsservi\u00e7os oferece grande flexibilidade e tamb\u00e9m permite a reutiliza\u00e7\u00e3o de microsservi\u00e7os em v\u00e1rios aplicativos.<\/p>\n

\u00c9 fundamental criar servi\u00e7os resilientes e dimension\u00e1veis. Para microsservi\u00e7os sem estado, isso \u00e9 bastante simples. Mas se os dados precisarem ser mantidos, voc\u00ea precisar\u00e1 de uma arquitetura de banco de dados resiliente que seja dimensionada junto com o microsservi\u00e7o para suportar o aumento do uso do servi\u00e7o.<\/p>\n

O Couchbase foi desenvolvido com base em uma arquitetura que prioriza a mem\u00f3ria e fornece n\u00e3o apenas cache integrado para acesso de baixa lat\u00eancia aos seus dados, mas tamb\u00e9m escalabilidade el\u00e1stica. Isso permite que voc\u00ea dimensione individualmente os servi\u00e7os do Couchbase sem interromper suas opera\u00e7\u00f5es de microsservi\u00e7os.<\/p>\n

\u00c0 medida que o volume de dados aumenta, basta adicionar mais n\u00f3s de dados do Couchbase. Se voc\u00ea precisar de mais capacidade de consulta, basta adicionar mais n\u00f3s de consulta do Couchbase ao seu cluster.<\/p>\n

Com esse n\u00edvel de dimensionamento multidimensional, seus diferentes servi\u00e7os do Couchbase nunca precisam competir pelos recursos do sistema. Em vez disso, a infraestrutura subjacente \u00e9 adaptada de acordo com as necessidades espec\u00edficas do servi\u00e7o. Por exemplo, o servi\u00e7o Couchbase Query<\/a> usa uma inst\u00e2ncia de computa\u00e7\u00e3o com muita mem\u00f3ria para servir o m\u00e1ximo de dados poss\u00edvel do cache integrado e usa um n\u00f3 com n\u00facleos adicionais para dar suporte a mais consultas.<\/p>\n

<\/div>\n
\"A<\/a>

Escalabilidade e isolamento de recursos no Couchbase<\/p><\/div>\n

<\/div>\n

A arquitetura resiliente e distribu\u00edda do Couchbase tamb\u00e9m garante alta disponibilidade ao manter c\u00f3pias de r\u00e9plica de seus dados. Em caso de falha de um n\u00f3, o Couchbase faz o failover automaticamente e garante a continuidade das opera\u00e7\u00f5es.<\/p>\n

Padr\u00f5es comuns para microsservi\u00e7os no Couchbase<\/h2>\n

Uma das principais caracter\u00edsticas dos microsservi\u00e7os \u00e9 o acoplamento frouxo, de modo que eles possam ser desenvolvidos, implantados, controlados por acesso e dimensionados individualmente.<\/p>\n

O acoplamento frouxo exige que a infraestrutura de banco de dados subjacente suporte o isolamento dos dados para os microsservi\u00e7os individuais. Isso pode ser feito executando inst\u00e2ncias individuais de banco de dados por microsservi\u00e7o ou controlando o acesso \u00e0s partes relevantes dos dados.<\/p>\n

Embora os bancos de dados relacionais tradicionais ofere\u00e7am suporte ao isolamento usando esquemas de banco de dados, eles geralmente s\u00e3o dif\u00edceis de escalonar, n\u00e3o t\u00eam a flexibilidade de um modelo de dados JSON e, o mais importante, tornam-se o ponto \u00fanico de falha em caso de interrup\u00e7\u00e3o da infraestrutura do banco de dados. Esse \u00e9 um aspecto importante a ser considerado ao projetar sua arquitetura de microsservi\u00e7o, pois uma interrup\u00e7\u00e3o tem severo<\/em> consequ\u00eancias para todos os microsservi\u00e7os que compartilham o mesmo banco de dados.<\/p>\n

O Couchbase foi projetado para microsservi\u00e7os. \u00c9 um banco de dados altamente dimension\u00e1vel, resiliente e distribu\u00eddo. Ele oferece grande flexibilidade e fornece v\u00e1rios n\u00edveis de isolamento para dar suporte a at\u00e9 mil microsservi\u00e7os no mesmo cluster do Couchbase.<\/p>\n

Servidor Couchbase 7<\/a> apresenta o conceito de escopos<\/em> e cole\u00e7\u00f5es<\/em>.<\/p>\n

Escopos e cole\u00e7\u00f5es s\u00e3o cont\u00eaineres l\u00f3gicos criados dentro de um bucket que organizam e isolam seus dados. Um bucket \u00e9 um espa\u00e7o-chave que permite configurar a cota de mem\u00f3ria individual, o disco e a prioridade de E\/S. Essas configura\u00e7\u00f5es fornecem isolamento parcial de recursos. Buckets, Scopes e Collections oferecem implementa\u00e7\u00e3o independente e gerenciamento de ciclo de vida em todos os n\u00edveis, incluindo controle de acesso baseado em fun\u00e7\u00e3o, replica\u00e7\u00e3o entre data centers (XDCR) e backup\/restaura\u00e7\u00e3o.<\/p>\n

<\/div>\n

\"An<\/a><\/p>\n

<\/div>\n

Esses recursos proporcionam maior flexibilidade \u00e0s equipes de desenvolvimento e permitem v\u00e1rios padr\u00f5es de microsservi\u00e7os. Vamos dar uma olhada mais de perto em quatro desses padr\u00f5es mais comuns.<\/p>\n

Padr\u00e3o 1: cluster dedicado do Couchbase por microsservi\u00e7o<\/h3>\n

O uso de um cluster dedicado do Couchbase oferece dimensionamento independente por meio de isolamento f\u00edsico. Embora essa seja uma op\u00e7\u00e3o vi\u00e1vel, ela pode n\u00e3o ser muito pr\u00e1tica ao executar centenas ou at\u00e9 milhares de microsservi\u00e7os.<\/p>\n

<\/div>\n

\"An<\/a><\/p>\n

<\/div>\n

Padr\u00e3o 2: isolamento usando baldes<\/h3>\n

Nesse padr\u00e3o, os buckets s\u00e3o usados para isolar os microsservi\u00e7os.<\/p>\n

Em compara\u00e7\u00e3o com os clusters dedicados, os buckets fornecem isolamento parcial de recursos, incluindo aloca\u00e7\u00e3o de mem\u00f3ria, E\/S de disco e r\u00e9plicas. No entanto, o n\u00famero de buckets por cluster do Couchbase \u00e9 limitado, de modo que o n\u00famero de microsservi\u00e7os suportados em um \u00fanico cluster n\u00e3o pode exceder trinta.<\/p>\n

Se voc\u00ea n\u00e3o tiver requisitos rigorosos para isolar os dados entre os servi\u00e7os ou se houver outras medidas para garantir que cada microsservi\u00e7o trabalhe apenas com seu pr\u00f3prio conjunto de dados, v\u00e1rios microsservi\u00e7os poder\u00e3o compartilhar o mesmo bucket. Normalmente, o compartilhamento de bucket \u00e9 realizado identificando o documento pela chave do documento ou por um atributo de tipo adicional no documento.<\/p>\n

Na verdade, esse padr\u00e3o era comumente usado antes de a introdu\u00e7\u00e3o de escopos e cole\u00e7\u00f5es no Couchbase 7<\/a>.<\/p>\n

<\/div>\n

\"A<\/a><\/p>\n

<\/div>\n

Padr\u00e3o 3: isolamento usando cole\u00e7\u00f5es<\/h3>\n

Um padr\u00e3o de implanta\u00e7\u00e3o de microsservi\u00e7os mais avan\u00e7ado \u00e9 aproveitar as vantagens do Cole\u00e7\u00f5es<\/em>.<\/p>\n

Embora um bucket circundante ainda forne\u00e7a isolamento de recursos, as cole\u00e7\u00f5es isolam logicamente e controlam o acesso aos seus microsservi\u00e7os. Isso permite que voc\u00ea execute at\u00e9 1.000 microsservi\u00e7os em um \u00fanico cluster do Couchbase. Na ilustra\u00e7\u00e3o abaixo, cada microsservi\u00e7o est\u00e1 usando uma cole\u00e7\u00e3o dedicada. O controle de acesso baseado em fun\u00e7\u00e3o do Couchbase garante que cada microsservi\u00e7o acesse apenas seu pr\u00f3prio conjunto de dados na cole\u00e7\u00e3o correspondente.<\/p>\n

<\/div>\n

\"Microservices<\/a><\/p>\n

<\/div>\n

Padr\u00e3o 4: isolamento usando buckets e cole\u00e7\u00f5es<\/h3>\n

Esse padr\u00e3o de microsservi\u00e7os \u00e9 semelhante ao padr\u00e3o anterior, mas, em vez de colocar todas as cole\u00e7\u00f5es em um \u00fanico bucket, voc\u00ea as agrupa em v\u00e1rios buckets.<\/p>\n

Esse padr\u00e3o permite que voc\u00ea configure o bucket de acordo com as caracter\u00edsticas dos microsservi\u00e7os e\/ou cole\u00e7\u00f5es inclu\u00eddos. Com essa abordagem, voc\u00ea obt\u00e9m isolamento f\u00edsico, como a aloca\u00e7\u00e3o de mem\u00f3ria e a contagem de r\u00e9plicas para cada bucket individual e suas cole\u00e7\u00f5es contidas.<\/p>\n

<\/div>\n

\"Couchbase<\/a><\/p>\n

<\/div>\n

N\u00e3o existe uma \u00fanica solu\u00e7\u00e3o melhor para estruturar e isolar seus dados no Couchbase. Mas usando buckets, escopos e cole\u00e7\u00f5es, voc\u00ea tem uma infinidade de op\u00e7\u00f5es para atender facilmente \u00e0s necessidades espec\u00edficas de sua arquitetura de microsservi\u00e7o.<\/p>\n

Implanta\u00e7\u00f5es em cont\u00eaineres<\/h2>\n

N\u00e3o h\u00e1 d\u00favida: Os ambientes de desenvolvimento atuais est\u00e3o mudando para microsservi\u00e7os. Ao mesmo tempo, o setor est\u00e1 migrando para implementa\u00e7\u00f5es em cont\u00eaineres gerenciadas por meio do Kubernetes e do OpenShift.<\/p>\n

Com o Couchbase, seu aplicativo de banco de dados com estado aut\u00f4nomo e totalmente gerenciado \u00e9 executado ao lado de seus microsservi\u00e7os na mesma plataforma Kubernetes. Essa abordagem oferece isolamento completo e reduz sua carga de trabalho de DevOps com failover autom\u00e1tico e at\u00e9 mesmo dimensionamento autom\u00e1tico do seu cluster.<\/p>\n

Para obter mais informa\u00e7\u00f5es, consulte o Operador aut\u00f4nomo do Couchbase<\/a>.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Microservices have emerged as a common architecture pattern over the last decade. In this approach, small, autonomous and loosely coupled services work together over a distributed network. Each microservice is typically delimited to a specific function and business boundary, runs […]<\/p>","protected":false},"author":77950,"featured_media":17198,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"inline_featured_image":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[1814,9416,1815,1821,9284,1816,9415,2322,2389],"tags":[9287,1308,2155,1261,1545,2103,1962],"ppma_author":[9323],"class_list":["post-11571","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-application-design","category-backup","category-best-practices-and-tutorials","category-couchbase-architecture","category-couchbase-autonomous-operator","category-couchbase-server","category-xdcr","category-kubernetes","category-solutions","tag-data-management","tag-devops","tag-ecommerce","tag-json","tag-kubernetes","tag-microservices","tag-role-based-access-control"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"\nMicroservices Architecture: 4 Patterns in Couchbase<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"This post focuses on microservice architecture data management and how Couchbase provides low latency, resilience, and scalability for your data layer.\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.couchbase.com\/blog\/pt\/microservices-architecture-in-couchbase\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"pt_BR\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"4 Patterns for Microservices Architecture in Couchbase\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"This post focuses on microservice architecture data management and how Couchbase provides low latency, resilience, and scalability for your data layer.\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/www.couchbase.com\/blog\/pt\/microservices-architecture-in-couchbase\/\" \/>\n<meta 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