{"id":11145,"date":"2021-05-13T09:04:03","date_gmt":"2021-05-13T16:04:03","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.couchbase.com\/blog\/?p=11145"},"modified":"2025-06-13T23:42:24","modified_gmt":"2025-06-14T06:42:24","slug":"alternate-address-por-support-for-couchbase-n1ql-clusters","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.couchbase.com\/blog\/pt\/alternate-address-por-support-for-couchbase-n1ql-clusters\/","title":{"rendered":"Suporte a endere\u00e7os e portas alternativos para clusters Couchbase\/N1QL"},"content":{"rendered":"

Para se conectar \u00e0s implementa\u00e7\u00f5es do Couchbase na nuvem (AWS, Azure ou GCP) ou no Kubernetes, oferecemos suporte a v\u00e1rios endere\u00e7os na forma de endere\u00e7os alternativos<\/em>. Os aplicativos externos usam esse recurso para se comunicar com o cluster, mas n\u00e3o diretamente com os n\u00f3s. Essas configura\u00e7\u00f5es permitem o acesso interno a um roteador ou outra entidade em rede que fornece interfaces em nome do cluster.<\/span><\/p>\n

Ao configurar endere\u00e7os alternativos, tamb\u00e9m podemos configurar porta alternativa<\/em> n\u00fameros. O melhor exemplo de configura\u00e7\u00e3o de endere\u00e7o alternativo s\u00e3o os endere\u00e7os IP p\u00fablicos e privados da AWS. Cada n\u00f3 tem um IP privado e um DNS, mas eles tamb\u00e9m podem atribuir um IP p\u00fablico e um registro DNS. Esses IPs p\u00fablicos podem ser atribu\u00eddos de forma est\u00e1tica ou din\u00e2mica.<\/span><\/p>\n

\"Access<\/a>

Acesso a n\u00f3s em uma rede interna ou na nuvem<\/p><\/div>\n

Em seguida, os clientes se conectam ao host p\u00fablico e \u00e0s portas, conforme visto na se\u00e7\u00e3o de endere\u00e7o externo no nodeServices<\/em> informa\u00e7\u00f5es sob o pools\/default\/nodesServices<\/em> Ponto final de descanso.<\/span><\/p>\n

Encaminhamento de porta para a inst\u00e2ncia do Couchbase no AWS<\/h2>\n

Uma etapa importante na configura\u00e7\u00e3o de endere\u00e7os alternativos \u00e9 o encaminhamento de portas. Quando os endere\u00e7os alternativos s\u00e3o provisionados, o mapeamento do host externo e da porta para as portas internas deve ser feito por um administrador de rede. O cliente pode ent\u00e3o usar o endere\u00e7o e a porta externos para se conectar ao servi\u00e7o. <\/span><\/p>\n

Uma vez dentro da rede (um usu\u00e1rio se conecta a um endere\u00e7o externo, interno \u00e0 implanta\u00e7\u00e3o onde ocorre o mapeamento de portas), a porta externa ser\u00e1 mapeada para a porta interna para acessar o servi\u00e7o com base na autoriza\u00e7\u00e3o. Isso pode ser feito no AWS usando as etapas descritas<\/span> aqui<\/span><\/a>.<\/span><\/p>\n

Dependendo do que estiver acess\u00edvel fora do firewall (acesso em n\u00edvel de porta), o cliente poder\u00e1 enviar consultas a esse servi\u00e7o. Depois que endere\u00e7os e portas externos alternativos forem provisionados, o Couchbase ns_servidor<\/em> atualiza os pontos de extremidade REST:\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

pools\/default\r\npools\/nodes\r\npools\/default\/buckets, pools\/default\/buckets\/<bucket-name>, pools\/default\/buckets\/<bucket-name>\/nodes\r\npools\/default\/b\/<bucket-name>, pools\/default\/bs\/<bucket-name>\r\npoolsStreaming\/default\r\npools\/default\/bucketsStreaming\/<bucket-name>\r\npools\/default\/nodesServices, pools\/default\/nodesServicesStreaming<\/pre>\n
Internamente, os servi\u00e7os do Couchbase n\u00e3o precisam ser reiniciados em novas portas e somente o cliente deve permitir conex\u00f5es a um determinado host\/porta com base nas informa\u00e7\u00f5es dispon\u00edveis no nodeServices<\/em> sob o atributo externo.<\/span><\/p>\n
O nodeServices<\/em> O ponto de extremidade REST mostra o mapeamento de hosts e portas:<\/span><\/p>\n
\"alternateAddresses\": {\r\n \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\"external\": {\r\n \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\"hostname\": \"ec2-3-140-253-252.us-east-2.compute.amazonaws.com\",\r\n \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\"ports\": {\r\n \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\"mgmt\": 8891,\r\n \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\"mgmtSSL\": 18891,\r\n \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\"n1ql\": 9000,\r\n \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\"n1qlSSL\": 19000 \r\n\u2026<\/pre>\n
Etapas de configura\u00e7\u00e3o do endere\u00e7o alternativo\u00a0<\/span><\/h2>\n
1 - Configure o cluster do Couchbase e use chamadas REST ou CLI para configurar endere\u00e7os alternativos:<\/span><\/p>\n
$ curl -v -X PUT -u [admin]:[password]  https:\/\/[ip-address]:8091\/node\/controller\/setupAlternateAddresses\/external  [-d hostname=<alternate-address> ] [-d <service-name>=<alternate-port-number> ]<\/pre>\n
OU<\/span><\/p>\n
$ couchbase-cli setting-alternate-address [--cluster <url>] [--username <user>] [--password <password>] [--list] [--set] [--remove] [--hostname <host>] [--ports <ports>]<\/pre>\n
No exemplo abaixo, o endere\u00e7o externo se torna cluster.com<\/em> para n\u00f3 interno 172.23.104.92<\/em>. Ele tamb\u00e9m define a nova porta externa do N1QL como 9000<\/em>.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n
$ couchbase-cli setting-alternate-address -c 172.23.104.92 -u Administrator -p password\u00a0 --hostname cluster.com --set --node 172.23.104.92 --ports n1ql=9000,n1qlSSL=19000<\/pre>\n
2 - Modificar \/etc\/hosts<\/em> para conter acesso a cluster.com<\/em>.\u00a0\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n
3 - Para o encaminhamento de porta em uma m\u00e1quina virtual, podemos usar o seguinte comando para o Servi\u00e7o de consulta<\/em> em execu\u00e7\u00e3o na porta 8093<\/em>.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n
$ iptables -A PREROUTING -t nat -i eth0 -p tcp --dport 9000 -j REDIRECT --to-port 8093<\/pre>\n
Em seguida, liste as configura\u00e7\u00f5es atuais de encaminhamento para confirmar:<\/p>\n
$ iptables -L -n -t nat\r\nChain PREROUTING (policy ACCEPT)\r\ntarget \u00a0 \u00a0 prot opt source \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 destination\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\r\nREDIRECT \u00a0 tcp\u00a0 --\u00a0 0.0.0.0\/0\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 0.0.0.0\/0\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 tcp dpt:9000 redir ports 8093<\/pre>\n
Liste as configura\u00e7\u00f5es de endere\u00e7o alternativo:\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n
$ \/opt\/couchbase\/bin\/couchbase-cli setting-alternate-address -c 172.23.104.92 -u Administrator -p password --list Hostname\r\nAlternate Address | Ports (Primary\/Alternate) | capi | capiSSL | fts | ftsGRPC | ftsGRPCSSL | ftsSSL | indexAdmin | indexHttp | indexHttps | indexScan | indexStreamCatchup | indexStreamInit | indexStreamMaint | kv | kvSSL | mgmt | mgmtSSL | n1ql | n1qlSSL | projector\r\n172.23.104.92  - cluster.com                  | 8092\/8092 | 18092\/180928094\/8094 | 9130\/9130 | 19130\/1913018094\/180949100\/9100 | 9102\/9102 | 19102\/191029101\/9101 | 9104\/9104 | 9103\/9103 | 9105\/9105 | 11210\/1121011207\/112078091\/8091 | 18091\/180918093\/8093 | 18093\/180939999\/9999\r\n<\/pre>\n
Para usar o cbq <\/em>para acessar endere\u00e7os alternativos, use a ferramenta de consulta configura\u00e7\u00e3o de rede<\/em> ou nfcg<\/em> e defini-la como externa. Isso nos permite executar consultas:<\/span><\/p>\n
$ .\/cbq -u Administrator -p password -e ec2-***.us-east-2.compute.amazonaws.com:9000 -ncfg external \r\n\r\nConnected to : https:\/\/ec2-***.us-east-2.compute.amazonaws.com:9000\/. \r\nType Ctrl-D or \\QUIT to exit. \r\nPath to history file for the shell: \/root\/.cbq_history\u00a0 \r\ncbq><\/pre>\n
\n
Consulte a documenta\u00e7\u00e3o do Couchbase<\/span> aqui<\/span><\/a> para obter mais informa\u00e7\u00f5es sobre clusters, redes e uso de endere\u00e7os alternativos.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
In order to connect to Couchbase deployments on cloud (AWS, Azure or GCP) or Kubernetes, we support multi-addresses in the form of alternate addresses. External applications use this facility to communicate with the cluster, but not directly to the nodes. 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