{"id":11145,"date":"2021-05-13T09:04:03","date_gmt":"2021-05-13T16:04:03","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.couchbase.com\/blog\/?p=11145"},"modified":"2025-06-13T23:42:24","modified_gmt":"2025-06-14T06:42:24","slug":"alternate-address-por-support-for-couchbase-n1ql-clusters","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.couchbase.com\/blog\/es\/alternate-address-por-support-for-couchbase-n1ql-clusters\/","title":{"rendered":"Soporte de direcciones y puertos alternativos para clusters Couchbase\/N1QL"},"content":{"rendered":"

Para conectarse a despliegues de Couchbase en la nube (AWS, Azure o GCP) o Kubernetes, admitimos multidirecciones en forma de direcciones alternativas<\/em>. Las aplicaciones externas utilizan esta facilidad para comunicarse con el cl\u00faster, pero no directamente con los nodos. Estos ajustes permiten el acceso interno a un enrutador u otra entidad en red que proporcione interfaces en nombre del cl\u00faster.<\/span><\/p>\n

Al configurar direcciones alternativas, tambi\u00e9n podemos configurar puerto alternativo<\/em> n\u00fameros. El mejor ejemplo para la configuraci\u00f3n de direcciones alternativas son las direcciones IP p\u00fablicas y privadas de AWS. Cada nodo tiene una IP privada y DNS pero tambi\u00e9n pueden asignar una IP p\u00fablica y un registro DNS. Esas IPs p\u00fablicas pueden ser asignadas est\u00e1tica o din\u00e1micamente.<\/span><\/p>\n

\"Access<\/a>

Acceso a nodos dentro de una red interna o en la nube<\/p><\/div>\n

A continuaci\u00f3n, los clientes se conectan al host p\u00fablico y a los puertos como se ve en la secci\u00f3n de direcci\u00f3n externa en el archivo nodeServices<\/em> informaci\u00f3n en virtud de la pools\/default\/nodosServicios<\/em> Punto final de descanso.<\/span><\/p>\n

Reenv\u00edo de puertos de una instancia de Couchbase en AWS<\/h2>\n

Un paso importante a la hora de configurar direcciones alternativas es el reenv\u00edo de puertos. Cuando se aprovisionan direcciones alternativas, un administrador de red debe realizar la asignaci\u00f3n de host y puerto externos a puertos internos. A continuaci\u00f3n, el cliente puede utilizar la direcci\u00f3n y el puerto externos para conectarse al servicio. <\/span><\/p>\n

Una vez dentro de la red (un usuario se conecta a una direcci\u00f3n de cara externa, interna al despliegue donde tiene lugar la asignaci\u00f3n de puertos), el puerto externo se asignar\u00e1 al puerto interno para acceder al servicio en funci\u00f3n de la autorizaci\u00f3n. Esto se puede hacer en AWS siguiendo los siguientes pasos<\/span> aqu\u00ed<\/span><\/a>.<\/span><\/p>\n

Dependiendo de lo que sea accesible fuera del cortafuegos (acceso a nivel de puerto), el cliente puede enviar consultas a ese servicio. Una vez que las direcciones y puertos externos alternativos son aprovisionados el Couchbase ns_servidor<\/em> actualiza los puntos finales REST:\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

pools\/default\r\npools\/nodes\r\npools\/default\/buckets, pools\/default\/buckets\/<bucket-name>, pools\/default\/buckets\/<bucket-name>\/nodes\r\npools\/default\/b\/<bucket-name>, pools\/default\/bs\/<bucket-name>\r\npoolsStreaming\/default\r\npools\/default\/bucketsStreaming\/<bucket-name>\r\npools\/default\/nodesServices, pools\/default\/nodesServicesStreaming<\/pre>\n
Internamente, los servicios de Couchbase no necesitan reiniciarse en nuevos puertos y s\u00f3lo el cliente debe permitir conexiones a un host\/puerto en particular bas\u00e1ndose en la informaci\u00f3n disponible en el archivo nodeServices<\/em> bajo el atributo externo.<\/span><\/p>\n
En nodeServices<\/em> REST endpoint muestra la asignaci\u00f3n de hosts y puertos:<\/span><\/p>\n
\"alternateAddresses\": {\r\n \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\"external\": {\r\n \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\"hostname\": \"ec2-3-140-253-252.us-east-2.compute.amazonaws.com\",\r\n \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\"ports\": {\r\n \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\"mgmt\": 8891,\r\n \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\"mgmtSSL\": 18891,\r\n \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\"n1ql\": 9000,\r\n \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\"n1qlSSL\": 19000 \r\n\u2026<\/pre>\n
Pasos para configurar la direcci\u00f3n alternativa\u00a0<\/span><\/h2>\n
1 - Configura el cl\u00faster de Couchbase y utiliza llamadas REST o CLI para configurar direcciones alternativas:<\/span><\/p>\n
$ curl -v -X PUT -u [admin]:[password]  https:\/\/[ip-address]:8091\/node\/controller\/setupAlternateAddresses\/external  [-d hostname=<alternate-address> ] [-d <service-name>=<alternate-port-number> ]<\/pre>\n
O<\/span><\/p>\n
$ couchbase-cli setting-alternate-address [--cluster <url>] [--username <user>] [--password <password>] [--list] [--set] [--remove] [--hostname <host>] [--ports <ports>]<\/pre>\n
En el ejemplo siguiente, la direcci\u00f3n externa pasa a ser cluster.com<\/em> para el nodo interno 172.23.104.92<\/em>. Tambi\u00e9n establece el nuevo puerto externo N1QL a 9000<\/em>.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n
$ couchbase-cli setting-alternate-address -c 172.23.104.92 -u Administrator -p password\u00a0 --hostname cluster.com --set --node 172.23.104.92 --ports n1ql=9000,n1qlSSL=19000<\/pre>\n
2 - Modificar \/etc\/hosts<\/em> para contener el acceso a cluster.com<\/em>.\u00a0\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n
3 - Para el reenv\u00edo de puertos en una m\u00e1quina virtual, podemos utilizar el siguiente comando para el Servicio de consulta<\/em> funcionando en el puerto 8093<\/em>.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n
$ iptables -A PREROUTING -t nat -i eth0 -p tcp --dport 9000 -j REDIRECT --to-port 8093<\/pre>\n
A continuaci\u00f3n, enumere los ajustes de reenv\u00edo actuales para confirmar:<\/p>\n
$ iptables -L -n -t nat\r\nChain PREROUTING (policy ACCEPT)\r\ntarget \u00a0 \u00a0 prot opt source \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 destination\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\r\nREDIRECT \u00a0 tcp\u00a0 --\u00a0 0.0.0.0\/0\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 0.0.0.0\/0\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 tcp dpt:9000 redir ports 8093<\/pre>\n
Enumera los ajustes de la direcci\u00f3n alternativa:\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n
$ \/opt\/couchbase\/bin\/couchbase-cli setting-alternate-address -c 172.23.104.92 -u Administrator -p password --list Hostname\r\nAlternate Address | Ports (Primary\/Alternate) | capi | capiSSL | fts | ftsGRPC | ftsGRPCSSL | ftsSSL | indexAdmin | indexHttp | indexHttps | indexScan | indexStreamCatchup | indexStreamInit | indexStreamMaint | kv | kvSSL | mgmt | mgmtSSL | n1ql | n1qlSSL | projector\r\n172.23.104.92  - cluster.com                  | 8092\/8092 | 18092\/180928094\/8094 | 9130\/9130 | 19130\/1913018094\/180949100\/9100 | 9102\/9102 | 19102\/191029101\/9101 | 9104\/9104 | 9103\/9103 | 9105\/9105 | 11210\/1121011207\/112078091\/8091 | 18091\/180918093\/8093 | 18093\/180939999\/9999\r\n<\/pre>\n
Para utilizar el cbq <\/em>para acceder a direcciones alternativas, utilice la herramienta de consulta networkconfig<\/em> o nfcg<\/em> y configurarlo como externo. Esto nos permite ejecutar consultas:<\/span><\/p>\n
$ .\/cbq -u Administrator -p password -e ec2-***.us-east-2.compute.amazonaws.com:9000 -ncfg external \r\n\r\nConnected to : https:\/\/ec2-***.us-east-2.compute.amazonaws.com:9000\/. \r\nType Ctrl-D or \\QUIT to exit. \r\nPath to history file for the shell: \/root\/.cbq_history\u00a0 \r\ncbq><\/pre>\n
\n
Consulte la documentaci\u00f3n de Couchbase<\/span> aqu\u00ed<\/span><\/a> para m\u00e1s informaci\u00f3n sobre cl\u00fasteres, redes y uso de direcciones alternativas.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
In order to connect to Couchbase deployments on cloud (AWS, Azure or GCP) or Kubernetes, we support multi-addresses in the form of alternate addresses. External applications use this facility to communicate with the cluster, but not directly to the nodes. 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